The Time of Communication Communication is an idea or a concept that seems to have dominated
the century now coming to a close. And it is not very difficult to foresee
that it will be one of the key-concepts of the coming third millennium.
The interesting question for sociology is: why has so much attention
been paid to communication? Is this incredible flowering, this enormous
boom due to a hope that the improvement of communication may also
signify an improvement in peaceful and meaningful relations among
human beings? Does this concept concern a deep desire of humankind,
an unattainable desire for a sort of fusion between the individuals that
we call human beings? Or more mundanely: is the success of this
concept only a reflection of the simple fact that men cannot live without
talking to one another?
Niklas Luhmann has given a quite different answer to this question.
His essential idea is that communication may be defined as the sole,
the unique, social operation. Outside communication, there may be
consciousnesses, elephants, dogs, stones, human beings etc., but not
anything like society. Luhmann's central discovery is the idea of this
rigorous (if not to say: absolute) separation or uncoupling of social (i.e.
communicative) systems from an environment that does not contain
social operations. This idea contravenes the deeply-rooted conscious-or
human-centred tradition of Europe. If Luhmann is right, then this
tradition is transformed into a spiritual world. In any case, it follows that
we have to discuss Niklas Luhmann's concept of communication
carefully.
Firstly published in: "Das gepfefferte Ferkel". Online-Journal für systemisches Denken und Handeln Juli 2002.
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